Command, Control, Communication, Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (C4ISR) is becoming the most important element in modern military operations. Countries with artificial intelligence drones have confused their enemies in the war zone. Artificial intelligence driven unmanned aerial vehicles are a new tool for warfare and are currently not regulated by weapon control regulations.

Although Israel and Türkiye have successfully used them, India is unwilling to lag behind. On November 17, 2021, the Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO) of India held a three-day event in Jamsi; RashtraRakshaSamarpanParv" It demonstrated the offensive capability of its drone swarm. This is impressive& DRDO demonstrated a fully operational dispersed swarm of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), including 25 UAVs, flying continuously with minimal human intervention during the Rashtriya Raksha Samarpan Parv in Jhansi Jalsa; PTI report.

In mid May 2021, the latest development of these weapon systems occurred during the recent conflict in Gaza by the Israel Defense Forces (IDF), where a group of AI drones were used for the first time to geolocate, target, and strike Hamas members.

Israel has made significant progress in AI driven technology.

The Israeli Defense Forces made their first appearance in the Gaza War in May; Drone swarms are used to search for and attack hidden targets;. The Ghost Troops are part of the Parachute Brigade and have been using; Drone bag;. The Israeli Defense Forces are using a group of AI guided drones and supercomputing to comb through data and identify new targets within the Gaza Strip. It is believed that this is the first time a group of AI drones have been used in combat.

The drones used so far have navigated in two ways - remote driving or autonomous driving using GPS and inertial navigation systems.

Autonomous drones have terrain matching capabilities. They use information from cameras and AI for navigation, without relying on GPS, which is vulnerable to cyber attacks.

A drone swarm can be modeled as a flying wireless grid, where each drone can use and send information to other drones in the cluster. Converting data into actionable real-time information is accomplished using AI. The reaction time on the battlefield must be less than the reaction time of enemy elements. Therefore, swarm drones assess the threat to bee colonies, while determining the targets to be manipulated to achieve the desired strike, and making adjustments based on any losses they suffer.

There can be some kind of task sharing, where some drones will perform target detection, others will be used to counter enemy air defense, some will counter more enemy radar and electronic signal interference, and others will attack through bombing. In a dynamic environment, this autonomous coordination is achieved with the help of artificial intelligence technology.

There are currently the following arguments:

1. Drone warfare is asymmetric and almost mainstream. It's a bit like guerrilla warfare because it's low-cost. Drones are optional and readily available commercial technologies can be utilized.

2. Autonomous drone systems separate unmanned systems from other manned systems. A study by the US Air Force found that long-term remote drone driving can cause fatigue. Fatigue leads to poor performance. Therefore, the autonomous unmanned aerial vehicle system that ignores firing is a huge force multiplier.

3. Real time systems that use AI for navigation and guidance, coordination, self-healing, target recognition and acquisition, as well as ammunition delivery systems, are therefore strategic assets.

Jyoti Sinha, Chief Technology Officer of Omnipresent Robot Technologies Pvt. Ltd, explained the importance of DRDO demonstrations. Omnipresent utilized and enhanced its experience working on the DARPA LANdroid program in the United States to develop palm sized ground swarm robots.

" I congratulate DRDO on developing the first fully functional cluster drone network, providing tactical and real-time support to our armed forces. We are happy to collaborate with DRDO and leverage our experience in swarm robotics to provide solutions for swarm formation, temporary networks, and autonomous parts of drones.

She added:; In tactical warfare, AI driven swarm drones can use precise swarm configuration and hovering positioning to simultaneously destroy and dismantle multiple targets, even if the guidance and defense equipment is not too complex. In other cases, it can even be; All-round attack ";, The swarm drone can aim for an attack from multiple angles. When aiming at the enemy front line, even if some drones are attacked, cognitive AI algorithms will activate and reconfigure drone network positioning to maintain situational awareness and assist in completing tasks. Using AI, any individual drone in a swarm network can be trained to operate in either offensive or defensive mode by switching roles such as decoys, sensors, attackers, or simply communicators based on their location and remaining resources.

Source: Electric Space Station