hall sensor It is a magnetic sensor based on semiconductor Hall effect. It can be used to detect magnetic fields and their changes, and can be used in various situations related to magnetic fields. It is an integrated sensor composed of Hall elements and their auxiliary circuits. It has the advantages of sturdy structure, small size, light weight, long service life, easy installation, low power consumption, high frequency, vibration resistance, and is not afraid of dust, oil, water vapor, salt pollution or corrosion. According to their functions, they are divided into Hall linear devices and Hall switch devices. At present, it has developed into a variety of magnetic sensor product families and has been widely used in our daily lives.

Hall sensors are divided into linear sensorshall sensor And switch the Hall sensor.

(1) A linear Hall sensor consists of Hall elements, linear amplifiers, and emitter followers, and outputs analog signals.

(2) The switch Hall sensor consists of a voltage regulator, Hall element, differential amplifier, Schmitt trigger, and output stage. Output digital quantity. Characteristics of Hall sensors

（1）linear Hall-Effect Sensors Characteristics of

As shown in Figure 1, the output voltage is linearly related to the applied magnetic field strength. It can be seen that there is good linearity within the magnetic induction range of B, and the magnetic induction intensity beyond this range is saturated.

（2）Switch type Hall sensorCharacteristics of

As shown in Figure 4, BOP represents the magnetic induction strength at the "on" operating point, while BRP represents the magnetic induction strength at the "off" release point.

When the applied magnetic induction exceeds the point of action BOP, the sensor outputs a low level. When the magnetic induction intensity drops below the operating point BOP, the output level of the sensor remains unchanged. Before reaching the release point BRP, the sensor changes from low level to high level. The delay between BOP and BRP makes the switching action more reliable.

In addition, there is a "lock key type" (or "latch type") switch type Hall sensor, whose characteristics are shown in the figure.

When the magnetic induction exceeds the operating point BOP, the output of the sensor changes from high level to low level. After eliminating the external magnetic field, the output state remains unchanged (i.e., the latch state). The level can only change when the reverse magnetic induction reaches BRP.

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